Examples of abbreviations Abbreviations are a common part of both formal and informal communication, and they come in many different forms. Here is a list of common abbreviations, categorized by type and usage. General & Everyday Use ASAP: As soon as possible FYI: For your information ETA: Estimated time of arrival DIY: Do it yourself TBD: To be determined TBA: To be announced N/A: Not applicable or not available E.g.: (from Latin exempli gratia) for example I.e.: (from Latin id est) that is; in other words Etc.: (from Latin et cetera) and so on; and other things P.S.: (from Latin post scriptum) written after; an afterthought Professional & Business B2B: Business-to-business B2C: Business-to-consumer CEO: Chief Executive Officer CFO: Chief Financial Officer HR: Human Resources KPI: Key Performance Indicator EOD: End of day WFH: Work from home NDA: Non-disclosure agreement SaaS: Software as a service ROI: Return on investment PR: Public relations RSVP: (from French répondez s'il vous plaît) please reply Internet & Texting Slang LOL: Laugh out loud BRB: Be right back BTW: By the way IMO/IMHO: In my opinion / In my humble opinion TL;DR: Too long; didn't read SMH: Shaking my head OMG: Oh my God / Oh my gosh IDK: I don't know ICYMI: In case you missed it DM: Direct message POV: Point of view Academic & Scientific PhD: Doctor of Philosophy BA/BS: Bachelor of Arts / Bachelor of Science M.D.: Doctor of Medicine DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging NASA: National Aeronautics and Space Administration UNESCO: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Time & Dates AM/PM: (from Latin ante meridiem/post meridiem) before noon / after noon BC/AD: Before Christ / Anno Domini (in the year of the Lord) BCE/CE: Before Common Era / Common Era GMT: Greenwich Mean Time EST/PST: Eastern Standard Time / Pacific Standard Time

Let’s learn English ‼️Maybe you’re abroad and not a native speaker. Have you ever felt fear ordering food or asking for directions? Let’s make you a pro at brief communication, let’s improve the daily phrases you may use while abroad!

*3 C1-level phrasal verbs*: 1. *Brush up on* – to improve your knowledge or skill in something *Example:* I need to brush up on my Spanish before the trip. 2. *Follow through (on)* – to complete something that you started *Example:* He always has good ideas but rarely follows through on them. 3. *Come down to* – to be the main or most important result or reason *Example:* In the end, it all comes down to trust.

I am sure that Mr. Collins sought to offer every possible courtesy to the Bennet daughters, in keeping with the social expectations of the time. As literature reflects real life, one might ask: What would happen if the surviving family members were still relatively young, including the widow, and the entailed estate proved insufficient to ensure the comfort of both the survivors and the heir’s family? Jane and Elizabeth attempted to explain to her the nature of an entail. They had often attempted it before: but it was a subject on which Mrs. Bennet was beyond the reach of reason; and she continued to rail bitterly against the cruelty of settling an estate away from a family of five daughters, in favour of a man whom nobody cared anything about. I cannot be otherwise than concerned at being the means of injuring your amiable daughters, and beg leave to apologize for it, as well as to assure you of my readiness to make them every possible amends; but of this hereafter. (A letter from Mr. Collins)

I went to see a movie with my friend. It was a movie I had been looking forward to for a long time, so I was very excited. When I arrived at the meeting place, my friend came soon after, and we went to the movie theater together. When we entered the theater, there were many posters, and just looking at them was fun. After buying the tickets, we chose popcorn and drinks. I had a little trouble deciding which one to get, but that was also an enjoyable time. We sat in our seats and talked quietly while waiting for the movie to start. When the movie began, I was surprised by the big screen and the powerful sound. The story was very interesting, and there were many scenes that made me laugh, feel nervous, and even a little moved. Watching the movie with my friend made it even more enjoyable. Time passed so quickly that I felt a little sad when it ended. After the movie, we walked outside while talking about our favorite scenes. We said things like, “That scene was the best,” and “That character was so cool,” and we had a great time talking. After that, we went to a restaurant and ate together while talking about school and recent events. We laughed a lot and lost track of time. On the way home, I walked while thinking about the day. I felt that the time I spent with my friend was truly fun and important to me. I was a little tired, but my heart felt warm. I want to go see a movie with my friend again soon.

The day before yesterday, I went out for drinks with friends my age from my part-time job. Even though we are the same age, there were some people I was meeting outside of work for the first time, so I was able to talk a lot with them and had a really great time. I would like to keep working together with everyone, but since some of them are going to quit, it feels a bit sad and difficult. Still, I hope we can stay close friends. Yesterday, I went to an exhibition of costumes worn by my favorite idol. They were much more voluminous than they look on TV, and I was truly impressed by how detailed and carefully made they were. There were also some goods for sale, so I ended up buying some. Lately, I’ve been shopping a lot, so I’m pretty short on money. And today, I’m going to celebrate the birthday of a friend I’ve known for ten years! I’m really looking forward to it, and it feels very meaningful. I hope the surprise goes well! The year is almost coming to an end, but I want to stay healthy and enjoy it until the very last moment. I’m also looking forward to next year! Thank you for reading.

What is “치맥”? 🍗+🍺 In Korea, there’s a popular word “치맥 (chi-maek)”. It’s short for chicken (치킨) + maekju (맥주, beer) 🍗🍺 Friends often meet to enjoy “chimaek,” especially on summer nights 🌙. It’s not just food — it’s a culture of relaxing, sharing, and enjoying together. You can even see it in K-dramas and movies! 👉 Do you have a similar “food + drink combo” in your country? #KoreanWithStella

Nothing can be must-have on my phone. I am just forced to use a variety of apps in my phone. The app store offers different kinds of apps for different uses. Some people keen to download a lot of apps and use them throughout the whole day. Among them, these apps created for entertainment are really popular. The apps can analyse dates of the videos , articles and pictures you have browsed and then push the similar things to you. So, a lot of people, especially the young are addicted to the "digital drug". For teenagers, their brain can be deeply changed by these uncontinuous and irrelevant videos or articals that cause them hard to focus on their school work. Slowly, they get used to enjoy the short excitment the apps can give them. So, what app is a must-have depends on what it brings to me.

Winter vacation is coming soon, and I am slowly starting to feel excited about it. School has been busy and sometimes feels depressing, so there are days when it is hard to stay motivated. However, I keep pushing myself because I know that winter break is almost here. Thinking about my plans for the holidays gives me energy and helps me get through difficult days at school. 　On Christmas, I am going to have a Christmas party with my friends. We have been talking about it for a long time, so I am really looking forward to it. We plan to decorate the room with lights and ornaments, prepare some food and snacks, and exchange Christmas presents. I think we will also take many pictures and talk about our memories from this year. Spending time with my friends always makes me feel relaxed and happy, so I am excited to enjoy a special day together. 　At the end of the year, I will go back to my parents’ home and spend time with my family. I do not have many chances to see them, so meeting them again after a long time makes me very happy. I am looking forward to eating warm home cooked meals, talking about my school life, and listening to my family’s stories. I also want to relax at home and enjoy a peaceful and comfortable time with them. Winter vacation is a precious time for me to rest both my body and mind, and I hope it will be a warm and memorable holiday.